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Pink Eye (Conjunctivitis)
Pink Eye, also known as Conjunctivitis, is a common eye condition caused by inflammation of the conjunctiva, the thin membrane covering the white part of the eye and the inner surface of the eyelids. The eye may appear red, irritated, and uncomfortable.
Pink eye can be acute or chronic and may be caused by bacteria, viruses, allergies, or irritants. Common infectious causes include Chlamydia trachomatis and other microorganisms. The disease can spread through direct contact, contaminated hands, or eye secretions.
With proper treatment, symptoms usually improve within 1–2 weeks. Chronic redness may also be associated with allergies, insufficient rest, eyelid inflammation, contact lens use, or reactions to eye-care products.
Symptoms of Pink Eye
Treatment may include oral medications, eye drops, gels, or eye-washing solutions depending on the cause.
1. Itchy Eyes
Itching is a common symptom, especially in cases related to allergies. Patients with allergic conjunctivitis may also have a personal or family history of allergies, asthma, or skin rashes.
2. Eye Discharge
The type of discharge may help identify the cause:
- Clear or watery discharge is commonly associated with viral infections or allergies.
- Thick, sticky mucus may occur with allergic reactions or other causes.
- Yellow or green pus-like discharge is usually caused by bacterial infections.
3. Redness in One or Both Eyes
- Redness in both eyes at the same time is often related to allergies.
- Redness that starts in one eye and later spreads to the other may indicate a bacterial, viral, or Chlamydia infection.
- Persistent redness in only one eye should be evaluated by a physician.
4. Eye Pain
Eye pain or blurred vision is usually not typical of simple conjunctivitis and may indicate a more serious eye condition. Immediate medical evaluation is recommended.
5. Blurred Vision
Temporary blurring due to discharge may occur upon waking. However, persistent blurred vision is not a normal symptom of conjunctivitis and should be assessed by an eye specialist.
6. Other Medical History
Recent colds, ear infections, use of artificial tears, eye drops, or underlying medical conditions may help determine the cause of the condition.
Physical Examination
A physician may perform the following assessments:
- Examine the blood vessels around the eyes.
- Check for swollen lymph nodes, which may suggest a viral infection or irritation.
- Bacterial infections may not always cause enlarged lymph nodes.
- Mild cases may not require additional testing.
- Recurrent, severe, or chronic cases may require further evaluation.
- Samples of eye discharge or conjunctival tissue may be collected to identify the underlying cause.
Prevention of Pink Eye
- Do not share cosmetics with others.
- Do not share towels or handkerchiefs.
- Wash your hands frequently and avoid rubbing your eyes.
- Wear sunglasses when outdoors.
- Do not use someone else's eye drops.
- Avoid swimming in pools that are not properly chlorinated.
- Keep hands clean and dry.
- Avoid unnecessary hand-to-eye contact.
- Disinfect frequently touched surfaces such as doorknobs.
Self-Care for Pink Eye
- Apply a cold compress 3–4 times daily for 10–15 minutes each time.
- Wash your hands frequently.
- Avoid rubbing your eyes, as it may worsen irritation.
- Wear sunglasses if you are sensitive to bright light.
- Avoid wearing contact lenses while symptoms persist.
- Change pillowcases daily and towels every two days.
See a Doctor Immediately If You Experience:
- Blurred vision
- Severe eye pain
- Corneal inflammation
- Fever
- Symptoms that do not improve within 48 hours
- Persistent tearing despite treatment
- Extreme sensitivity to light
Kasemrad Prachachuen Hospital
